What is hypertension?
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition in which the force of blood against the artery walls is too high. Blood pressure is measured in two numbers: systolic and diastolic. Systolic pressure is the pressure when the heart beats, and diastolic pressure is the pressure when the heart rests.
What are the causes of hypertension?
There are two main types of hypertension: primary and secondary. Primary hypertension is the most common type and has no known cause. Secondary hypertension is caused by another underlying medical condition, such as kidney disease, diabetes, or sleep apnea.
What are the symptoms of hypertension?
Hypertension is often called the “silent killer” because it often has no symptoms. This is why it is important to have your blood pressure checked regularly. However, some people with hypertension may experience symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nosebleeds, and shortness of breath.
How is hypertension diagnosed?
Hypertension is diagnosed by measuring blood pressure with a blood pressure cuff. Blood pressure is measured in two numbers: systolic and diastolic. Systolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heart beats, and diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heart rests.
Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed if blood pressure is consistently above this level.
How is hypertension treated?
Treatment for hypertension depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and losing weight, are often the first line of treatment. If lifestyle changes are not enough to lower blood pressure, medication may be necessary.
What are the complications of hypertension?
Hypertension can damage the arteries and lead to a number of serious health problems, including heart attack, stroke, kidney disease, and heart failure.
How can I prevent hypertension?
There are a number of things you can do to help prevent hypertension, including:
- Eating a healthy diet: Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Limit your intake of saturated and trans fats, salt, and cholesterol.
- Exercising regularly: Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.
- Maintaining a healthy weight: Being overweight or obese increases your risk of hypertension.
- Quitting smoking: Smoking damages the arteries and increases blood pressure.
- Managing stress: Stress can raise blood pressure. Find healthy ways to manage stress, such as exercise, relaxation techniques, and spending time with loved ones.
If you have hypertension, it is important to work with your doctor to manage your condition. By following your treatment plan and making healthy lifestyle choices, you can reduce your risk of complications.
