Malnutrition in children is a condition in which a child does not get enough nutrients to grow and develop properly. It can be caused by a number of factors, including poverty, food insecurity, illness, and poor diet.
There are two main types of malnutrition: undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition is the most common type of malnutrition in children and can lead to stunting, wasting, and underweight. Overnutrition is less common, but can lead to obesity and other health problems.
Common signs of malnutrition in children include:
- Stunted growth: A child is considered stunted if they are shorter than other children of the same age and sex.
- Wasting: A child is considered wasted if they have a low weight for their height.
- Underweight: A child is considered underweight if they have a low weight for their age.
- Other signs: Other signs of malnutrition include pale skin, fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
Causes of malnutrition in children, including:
- Poverty: Poverty is a major cause of malnutrition in children. Poor families may not have enough money to buy nutritious food.
- Food insecurity: Food insecurity is another major cause of malnutrition in children. Food insecure families do not have reliable access to enough nutritious food.
- Illness: Illness can also lead to malnutrition in children. Children who are sick often have a decreased appetite and may not be able to eat enough food.
- Poor diet: A poor diet can also lead to malnutrition in children. Children who eat a lot of processed foods and sugary drinks may not be getting enough of the nutrients they need to grow and develop properly.
If you think your child may be malnourished, it is important to see a doctor. The doctor can assess your child’s nutritional status and recommend treatment. Treatment for malnutrition may include dietary changes, supplements, and medication.
How to help prevent malnutrition in children:
- Make sure your child has a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods from all food groups.
- Limit processed foods and sugary drinks.
- Encourage your child to eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
- Make sure your child gets enough exercise.
- If your child is sick, see a doctor right away.
- If you are concerned about your child’s nutritional status, talk to your doctor.
